This is a  late 1700s sycamore muffineer or spice caster. These were used for sprinkling sugar or spice onto hot buttered toast, muffins etc.
This example made from sycamore wood with a lovely nutty colour. The muffineer has a rounded body with a screw top lid and still retains its finial. Unusually it has a painted band which is faded now but would have been red .
Very similar examples are illustrated in Treen for the Table.
It measures 15.5cm h x 5.5cm w at the base.