This is a lovely flame mahogany apothecary case, probably for domestic use in a country house or for travelling purposes. 
The box has many attributes, from the veneered flame mahogany box with brass escutcheon and handle to the contents inside. These consist of  the eight glass stoppered bottles at the top. On remove the locking pin the fitted drawer contains weighing scales and weights, a glass measuring cylinder and a small silver funnel.
The size of this box is a big bonus too as it only measures 20cm w x 15cm h x 8cm d.