This is a really interesting educational game by John Betts ,15 The Strand, London.
It consists of question and answers cards for learning the times table with a rhyme for each answer. There are approximately 25 original questions and answers pairs, also there are some  original questions cards and some original answers cards along with and a lot of extra replacement cards. This game was made and published in two parts, this is part 1 and  I expect has been added to over the years with extra replacement cards  from part 2 as there are so many cards they don't all fit in the box.
It is really interesting seeing the illustrations, a real piece of social history.
This educational piece appears to have been produced in  card formats. According to listings, it comprised 48 cards, divided into “Part 1” and “Part 2,” designed as a learning “game” for children  .
A smaller version exists that’s 8 pages long, indicating it likely also appeared as a booklet  .
The rhyme format would have made memorizing multiplication both fun and memorable—essential for 19th-century education when rote learning dominate